{"id":93369,"date":"2022-01-24T15:42:01","date_gmt":"2022-01-24T20:42:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/?p=93369"},"modified":"2022-01-31T13:40:03","modified_gmt":"2022-01-31T18:40:03","slug":"install-pleroma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/fediverse\/pleroma\/install-pleroma\/","title":{"rendered":"How To Install Pleroma Social Media App on Debian 10 Cloud Server"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"538\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/How-To-Install-Pleroma-Social-Media-App-on-Debian-10-Cloud-Server-1024x538.png\" alt=\"How to Install Pleroma\" class=\"wp-image-93370\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/How-To-Install-Pleroma-Social-Media-App-on-Debian-10-Cloud-Server-1024x538.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/How-To-Install-Pleroma-Social-Media-App-on-Debian-10-Cloud-Server-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/How-To-Install-Pleroma-Social-Media-App-on-Debian-10-Cloud-Server-768x403.png 768w, https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/How-To-Install-Pleroma-Social-Media-App-on-Debian-10-Cloud-Server.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 1360px) 876px, (min-width: 960px) calc(61.58vw + 51px), calc(100vw - 80px)\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\nIn this article, you will learn how to install the Pleroma federated social media app.  Even if you are only planning on hosting this site for a single user, your account can interface with other instances in the \u201cFediverse.\u201d  Likewise, other users can follow and post your content onto their sites.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"#install-dependencies\">Install Dependencies<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#restart-services\">Restart Services<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#create-pleroma-user-account\">Create a Pleroma User Account<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#download-pleroma\">Download The Pleroma Application<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#running-pleroma\">Running The Pleroma Installation<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#configure-domain\">Configure Your Domain For Nginx<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#configure-ngnix\">Configuring the Nginx Web Server<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#create-service\">Creating the SystemD Service<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#create-admin-user\">Create An Admin User<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#enjoy-your-community\">Enjoy Your New Community<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"install-dependencies\">Install Dependencies<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\nFirst, you will need to install the software packages that allow Pleroma to run properly.  You can install all of these apps with the following command:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org9d89b19\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">apt install -y curl unzip libncurses5 postgresql postgresql-contrib nginx certbot libmagic-dev<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\nSome of these may already be installed on your server.  Fear not, if you run this command the <code>apt<\/code> package manager will simply skip over any installed packages.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"restart-services\">Restart Services<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\nAnd for good measure, go ahead and restart the PostgreSQL server:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org568d281\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">systemctl restart postgresql<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\nAnd, of course, to solidify the web server settings, restart Nginx:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"orgcd0f9f5\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">systemctl restart nginx<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\nLoad up your domain, and you should see your Pleroma instance.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"create-pleroma-user-account\">Create a Pleroma User Account<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p> For the day-to-day maintenance of your Pleroma site, you will not want to use your <code>root<\/code> user.  So it is recommended that you create a new user in your server for certain tasks.  With the command below, you will be creating a Linux user named \u201cpleroma\u201d to handle administrative tasks on the command line.  Note: this is not going to be the user account you will use to log into the site and create posts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can run this command to create the \u201cpleroma\u201d Linux user:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org6de4d37\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">useradd -m -s \/bin\/bash -d \/opt\/pleroma pleroma<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\nIn order to switch to this user, you will need to use the <code>su<\/code> command:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org50e6c20\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">su -l pleroma\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\nThroughout this tutorial you will be switching between the <code>pleroma<\/code> user and the <code>root<\/code> user.  If you have switched to the <code>pleroma<\/code> user you can easily get back to <code>root<\/code> by typing <code>exit<\/code> into your terminal.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\nAs the <code>root<\/code> user, you must run the command below to set up a series of directories that will be used by the Pleroma application, and set ownership of those directories to the <code>pleroma<\/code> user.  You can copy and paste this entire block into your terminal:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org27a3b89\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">mkdir -p \/var\/lib\/pleroma\/uploads &amp;&amp;\nchown -R pleroma \/var\/lib\/pleroma &amp;&amp;\nmkdir -p \/var\/lib\/pleroma\/static &amp;&amp;\nchown -R pleroma \/var\/lib\/pleroma &amp;&amp;\nmkdir -p \/etc\/pleroma &amp;&amp;\nchown -R pleroma \/etc\/pleroma\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"download-pleroma\">Download The Pleroma Application<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\nNow, you will switch to the <code>pleroma<\/code> user to download the application using the <code>curl<\/code> command.  First, the switch:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"orga326088\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">su -l pleroma\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\nAnd then the command to download the program and place the installation files in the <code>tmp<\/code> directory:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org77dd615\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">curl 'https:\/\/git.pleroma.social\/api\/v4\/projects\/2\/jobs\/artifacts\/stable\/download?job=amd64' -o \/tmp\/pleroma.zip &amp;&amp;\nunzip \/tmp\/pleroma.zip -d \/tmp\/\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\nNow, you will move some files around, generate the configuration for Pleroma, and set up your database:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org1d0b4d8\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">mv \/tmp\/release\/* \/opt\/pleroma &amp;&amp;\nrmdir \/tmp\/release &amp;&amp;\nrm \/tmp\/pleroma.zip &amp;&amp;\n.\/bin\/pleroma_ctl instance gen --output \/etc\/pleroma\/config.exs --output-psql \/tmp\/setup_db.psql\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p> Now, you will be asked a series of questions about your installation.  You can skip any of these questions by pressing <kbd>&lt;ENTER&gt;<\/kbd> for a default value (in brackets). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<dl class=\"org-dl\">\n<dt>What domain will you use for your instance?<\/dt><dd>This is up to you.  Make sure to use a domain that is pointing to your server with either an A or CNAME record, as you require.<\/dd>\n<dt>What is the name of your instance?<\/dt><dd>This is the site title for your installation.  Don\u2019t worry, this can be changed later.<\/dd>\n<dt>What is your admin email address?<\/dt><dd>What email address would you like to set up as your admin email?  You will not receive any messages here until you have configured your site for email delivery (which is optional).<\/dd>\n<dt>What email address do you want to use for sending email notifications?<\/dt><dd>Similarly, if you have configured your site for email delivery, those notifications will go out to users from an email address of your choosing.<\/dd>\n<dt>Do you want search engines to index your site?<\/dt><dd>This is a simple yes or no question.  If the answer is no, search engines will be asked to bypass your site, but there is no guarantee that a search engine will abide by that condition.<\/dd>\n<dt>Do you want to store the configuration in the database (allows controlling it from admin-fe)?<\/dt><dd>Another yes or no question, asking if you want to be able to make changes to your site from the administrative interface.  These changes will be saved in your database.  This means that your site configuration will be programmable from the web interface, and you can restore your configuration from a database backup.  For many users, this is probably the best option.  Otherwise, configurations will be need to be made at the level of the system configuration file.<\/dd>\n<dt>What is the hostname of your database?<\/dt><dd>Go ahead and press enter to select localhost, unless you have a custom database configuration.<\/dd>\n<dt>What is the name of your database?<\/dt><dd>Again, unless you have a custom database configuration, you can select the default value here by pressing &lt;ENTER&gt;.<\/dd>\n<dt>What is the user used to connect to your database?<\/dt><dd>Unless you want to use a specific database user, you can also select the default value here.<\/dd>\n<dt>What is the password used to connect to your database? <\/dt><dd>For this question as well, unless you have a specific password you would like the database user to use, you can press &lt;ENTER&gt; to accept the default value.<\/dd>\n<dt>Would you like to use RUM indices? <\/dt><dd>Likewise, the default value is acceptable here.<\/dd>\n<dt>What port will the app listen to (leave it if you are using the default setup with nginx)?<\/dt><dd>The default value here is also acceptable.<\/dd>\n<dt>What ip will the app listen to (leave it if you are using the default setup with nginx)?<\/dt><dd>The default value is also acceptable here.<\/dd>\n<dt>What directory should media uploads go in (when using the local uploader)?<\/dt><dd>Left with the default value, Pleroma will use the directory you have already created for this purpose: <code>\/var\/lib\/pleroma\/uploads\/<\/code>.<\/dd>\n<dt>What directory should custom public files be read from (custom emojis, frontend bundle overrides, robots.txt, etc.)?<\/dt><dd>Left untouched, this will default to the directory already created, <code>\/var\/lib\/pleroma\/static<\/code>.<\/dd>\n<dt>Do you want to strip location (GPS) data from uploaded images? This requires exiftool, it was detected as not installed, please install it if you answer yes. <\/dt><dd>Unless you have installed the required software for this feature, you can answer no.<\/dd>\n<dt>Do you want to anonymize the filenames of uploads? <\/dt><dd>A yes\/no question that depends on your desired result.  Neither option will interfere with normal operation of the site.<\/dd>\n<dt>Do you want to deduplicate uploaded files? <\/dt><dd>This question also depends on your own preference and accepts a yes or no answer.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n\n\n\n<p>\nOnce you have answered all of the questions, your installation is configured, and you can move on to the next steps.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\nReturning to the <code>root<\/code> user with <code>exit<\/code>, execute this command to complete the database setup as the <code>postgres<\/code> user:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org71d6536\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">su postgres -s $SHELL -lc \"psql -f \/tmp\/setup_db.psql\"\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"running-pleroma\">Running The Pleroma Installation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\nNow it\u2019s time to do a test drive of your Pleroma installation.  For the next series of commands you must switch to the <code>pleroma<\/code> user:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org720b0a6\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">su -l pleroma &amp;&amp;\n.\/bin\/pleroma_ctl migrate &amp;&amp;\n.\/bin\/pleroma daemon\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\nTo test the installation, you can run the following command:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"orgf103a36\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">curl http:\/\/localhost:4000\/api\/v1\/instance\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\nIf you get a long output, everything should be running well, and you can stop the daemon:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org28ec252\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">.\/bin\/pleroma stop\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"configure-domain\">Configure Your Domain For Nginx<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\nOn your InMotion Hosting cloud server, you will note that Apache is already running.  So in order to use Nginx, you will need to stop the Apache web server:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org3bbcea3\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">systemctl stop apache2<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Note: in order to use Pleroma properly your domain name must be pointing to your server with an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/domain-names\/dns-nameserver-changes\/complete-guide-to-dns-records\/\">A record or CNAME record<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"configure-ngnix\">Configuring the Nginx Web Server<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\nNow, as the <code>root<\/code> user again, you will copy the configuration file for Nginx right from the Pleroma installation files:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org184518e\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">cp \/opt\/pleroma\/installation\/pleroma.nginx \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/pleroma.conf\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\nThen, create a symlink from the <code>sites-available<\/code> directory to the <code>sites-enabled<\/code> directory file:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"orgd765785\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">ln -s \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/pleroma.conf \/etc\/nginx\/sites-enabled\/pleroma.conf\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\nMake sure to edit the sample configuration file to replace any instances of \u201cexample.tld\u201d with your domain.  In this example, the command below uses the <code>nano<\/code> text editor, but you can use any text editor you prefer:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"orgc539fc2\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">nano \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/pleroma.conf\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\nAnd finally, reload the Nginx web server:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"orge3c18c2\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">systemctl reload nginx\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"create-service\">Creating the SystemD Service<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\nLike your web server, you will want to keep Pleroma running as an active service that you can start and stop, but, most importantly, a service that will start itself if you reboot the server.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\nCreate the service with the command below:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org9735135\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">cp \/opt\/pleroma\/installation\/pleroma.service \/etc\/systemd\/system\/pleroma.service\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\nStart the service with this command:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"orgcd64a28\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">systemctl start pleroma\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\nEnable the service with the command below (this will make sure that the service will start itself in the event of a server disruption):\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org19094f7\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">systemctl enable pleroma\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"create-admin-user\">Create An Admin User<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\nYou\u2019re almost there.  It\u2019s time to switch back over to your Pleroma system user so that you can create an admin account to administer the site:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org032cd60\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">su -l pleroma\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\nAs the <code>pleroma<\/code> user, run this command to create an admin user for the site, replacing the <code>username<\/code> and <code>username@example.com<\/code> fields with your actual information:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"org89d57c3\" class=\"wp-block-preformatted example\">.\/bin\/pleroma_ctl user new <span style=\"color:green;\">username<\/span> <span style=\"color:green;\">username@example.com<\/span> --admin\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p> This command will create a hyperlink you can open in your browser to set your admin password. Once your account is established, you can always update your password in the admin area of the site. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"enjoy-your-community\">Enjoy Your New Pleroma Community<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p> Well done!  You have now successfully created your own social media network, running on your own private server.  As the administrator of the site, you can take any actions necessary to run your site as you see fit. Feel free to post any questions or comment you may have below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\">\n\n\n\n<p>\nSpecial thanks to the maintainers at <a href=\"https:\/\/landchad.net\/\">landchad.net<\/a>, from which this installation recipe was adapted.\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this article, you will learn how to install the Pleroma federated social media app. Even if you are only planning on hosting this site for a single user, your account can interface with other instances in the \u201cFediverse.\u201d Likewise, other users can follow and post your content onto their sites. Install Dependencies Restart Services<a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/fediverse\/pleroma\/install-pleroma\/\"> Read More ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4520],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-93369","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pleroma"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How To Install Pleroma Social Media App on Debian 10 Cloud Server | InMotion Hosting<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/fediverse\/pleroma\/install-pleroma\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How To Install Pleroma Social Media App on Debian 10 Cloud Server | InMotion Hosting\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In this article, you will learn how to install the Pleroma federated social media app. Even if you are only planning on hosting this site for a single user, your account can interface with other instances in the \u201cFediverse.\u201d Likewise, other users can follow and post your content onto their sites. 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