{"id":55932,"date":"2020-05-20T09:16:11","date_gmt":"2020-05-20T13:16:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/?p=55932"},"modified":"2024-03-21T16:46:30","modified_gmt":"2024-03-21T20:46:30","slug":"how-to-configure-firewalld-basic-commands","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/security\/how-to-configure-firewalld-basic-commands\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Configure Firewalld (Basic Commands)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/security\/how-to-install-firewalld-on-linux\/\">Installing Firewalld<\/a> grants a <a href=\"https:\/\/firewalld.org\/documentation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">long list of commands<\/a> available for configuring iptables rules. But there are a few tasks you should understand to get started with securing your server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Below we cover:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#basic\">Basic Firewalld CLI Commands<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#status\">Change Firewalld status<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#runtime\">Runtime Vs. Permanent<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#reload\">Reload Firewalld<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#zones\">Firewalld Zones<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#services\">Firewalld Services<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#ports\">Firewalld Ports<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#panic\">Panic mode<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#files\">Firewalld raw files<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#firewall-config\">Firewall-config Desktop App<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"alert alert-info\">Firewalld is pre-installed with our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/cloud-vps\">Cloud Server Hosting<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"basic\">Basic Firewalld Commands<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"status\">Firewalld Status<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>These Systemd and Firewalld commands affect whether or how Firewalld is running on your system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Start<\/strong> Firewalld for the current session:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo systemctl start firewalld<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Enable<\/strong> Firewalld to always start at server boot:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo systemctl enable firewalld<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/security\/how-to-stop-and-disable-firewalld\/\"><strong>Stop<\/strong> Firewalld<\/a> for the current session:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo systemctl stop firewalld<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Disable<\/strong> Firewalld from starting at boot:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo systemctl disable firewalld<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Check<\/strong> whether Firewalld is running:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo systemctl status firewalld<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Check<\/strong> the Firewalld state \u2013 similar to <code>systemctl status<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --state<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The output will be <em>running<\/em> or <em>not running<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"runtime\">Runtime Firewalld Configuration to Permanent<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Runtime<\/strong> changes are temporary and removed when the firewall restarts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Permanent<\/strong> changes are stored in configuration files.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Save <code>--runtime<\/code> changes to your permanent configuration:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"reload\">Reload Firewalld<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Reload Firewalld to merge <code>--permanent<\/code> rules to the runtime configuration (doesn\u2019t close current connections):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"alert alert-warning\">Reloading will remove \u2013runtime changes to apply the \u2013permanent configuration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --reload<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"zones\">Firewalld Zones<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Firewalld zones are predefined whitelist combinations to easily apply to your system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Default Firewalld zones:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>block dmz drop external home internal public trusted work<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>View all Firewalld zones available:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --get-zones<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You can also view the raw zone files:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ls \/etc\/firewalld\/zone\/<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>See currently used zones:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --get-active-zones<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Change the current Firewalld zone (e.g. <code>public<\/code>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --change-zone=public<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To apply a change to a specific zone, add the following to the end of the command (e.g. <code>public<\/code>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">--zone=public<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"services\">Manage Services<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Predefined Firewalld services use a name in lieu of port number and protocol (TCP or UDP) for easier management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>List available services to whitelist:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --get-services<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>List currently whitelisted services:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --list-services<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Whitelist a service for <strong>runtime<\/strong><strong> only<\/strong> in the current zone (e.g. <code>http<\/code>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=http<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Whitelist a service <strong>permanently<\/strong> in the current zone:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Whitelist a service <strong>permanently in a specific zone<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=http --permanent<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Remove a service <strong>permanently from a specific zone<\/strong> (e.g. <code>dhcpv6-client<\/code>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --remove-service=dhcpv6-client --permanent<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ports\">Manage Ports<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Any ports not listed as a predefined service can be managed via port\/protocol (e.g. 80\/http).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>List currently open ports:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --list-ports<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>List whitelisted ports on a specific zone:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Open a port with a specified protocol in <strong>runtime only<\/strong> (e.g. <a href=\"https:\/\/mattermost.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mattermost<\/a>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=8065\/tcp<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Open a port <strong>permanently<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=8065\/tcp --permanent<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Remove a port in <strong>runtime only<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=8065\/tcp<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Remove a port <strong>permanently<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=8065\/tcp --permanent<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"panic\">Panic Mode<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Panic mode closes and blocks <strong>all<\/strong> incoming and outgoing connections on the machine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"alert alert-danger\">If you run this while <strong>remotely connected<\/strong> to a machine (e.g. SSH), your session will drop and you\u2019ll have to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/product-guides\/cloud-server\/manage-my-cloud-vps-server-overview\/\">restart the server<\/a> to regain access and reset panic mode.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --panic-on<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Check panic mode status:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo firewall-cmd --query-panic<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>It should simply state <code>no<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"files\">Firewalld Files<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>View system configuration files which overwrite default configurations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ls \/etc\/firewalld<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>View default IMCP, service, and zone configurations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"alert alert-warning\">Changes to these files are overwritten during firewalld updates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ls \/usr\/lib\/Firewalld<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"firewall-config\">Firewall-config Desktop Application<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Users installing Firewalld on a Linux desktop environment can install the <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/firewalld.org\/documentation\/utilities\/firewall-config.html\" target=\"_blank\">firewall-config<\/a> GUI application to configure firewall zones on that machine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"874\" height=\"630\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/firewall-config-screenshot.png\" class=\"optimized-lcp-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"eager\" fetchpriority=\"high\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/firewall-config-screenshot.png 874w, https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/firewall-config-screenshot-300x216.png 300w, https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/firewall-config-screenshot-768x554.png 768w\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Have any questions about Firewalld? Ask in our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/questions\/\">Community Support Center<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Installing Firewalld grants a long list of commands available for configuring iptables rules. But there are a few tasks you should understand to get started with securing your server. Below we cover: Firewalld is pre-installed with our Cloud Server Hosting. Basic Firewalld Commands Firewalld Status These Systemd and Firewalld commands affect whether or how Firewalld<a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/www.inmotionhosting.com\/support\/security\/how-to-configure-firewalld-basic-commands\/\"> Read More ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":57014,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4299],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55932","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-security"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to Configure Firewalld on a Web Server<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to configure Firewalld to secure your Linux iptables firewall. 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